The people
Directly elect members of the House of the People under the constitutional system.
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🇮🇳 Formal national power · source bounded
Who selects whom in India?
Union and state institutions jointly select the President while the elected House holds the Council of Ministers accountable.
Dots are institutions · arrows are sourced powers
Federal parliamentary constitutional republic
India's Constitution connects direct election of the House of the People, Union and state participation in the presidential electoral college, presidential appointment of the Prime Minister, ministerial responsibility to the House, judicial appointment and removal, and Supreme Court review of unconstitutional laws or government action.
Explore the whole systemHow voters choose power
Elections3 paths
The dots
Institutions represented on this map.
Each institution below has an attached source. Being listed does not imply an unshown formal relationship.
State Legislative Assemblies
Their elected members participate in the electoral college for President and exercise state legislative authority.
Houses of Parliament
The Council of States and House of the People are the two Houses named by Article 79.
President of India
Is elected by the constitutional electoral college and appoints the Prime Minister and Supreme Court judges.
Council of Ministers
Aids and advises the President and is collectively responsible to the House of the People.
Supreme Court of India
Heads the integrated judiciary and may invalidate legislation or government action that violates the Constitution.
Evidence and limits
Every line has a source. Every missing layer stays visible.
The map describes formal national relationships only. It does not measure democratic quality, legitimacy, actual compliance, or informal influence.
Official or constitutional source
The Constitution of India
Legislative Department, Ministry of Law and Justice
- presidential electoral college
- Parliament composition
- Council of Ministers
- collective responsibility
- Supreme Court appointments and removal
Constitution — Law, Courts and the Constitution
Supreme Court of India
- federal structure
- separation of powers
- integrated judiciary
- judicial review
- Supreme Court composition