The people
Directly elect federal legislators, the President, and federal judicial offices under the Constitution.
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🇲🇽 Formal national power · source bounded
Who selects whom in Mexico?
Voters elect Congress, the President, and federal judges while an autonomous election authority administers the vote.
Dots are institutions · arrows are sourced powers
Federal presidential constitutional republic
Mexico's Constitution connects direct election of Congress and the President with the directly elected federal judiciary, autonomous election administration by the National Electoral Institute, presidential appointment of cabinet secretaries, legislative reconsideration of presidential objections, and constitutional review by the Supreme Court.
Explore the whole systemHow voters choose power
Elections3 paths
The dots
Institutions represented on this map.
Each institution below has an attached source. Being listed does not imply an unshown formal relationship.
Congress of the Union
The Chamber of Deputies and Senate exercise federal legislative power and may repass legislation returned with presidential observations.
President of the Republic
Is directly elected, executes federal laws, appoints cabinet secretaries, and may return legislation with observations.
National Electoral Institute
An autonomous public body responsible for the state function of organizing federal elections under Article 41.
Secretaries of State
Lead executive departments and are appointed or removed by the President under Article 89.
Supreme Court of Justice
Its justices are directly elected and it decides the constitutional controversies assigned by Article 105.
Evidence and limits
Every line has a source. Every missing layer stays visible.
The map describes formal national relationships only. It does not measure democratic quality, legitimacy, actual compliance, or informal influence.